Topological optimization of a variable cross-section cantilever-based piezoelectric wind energy harvester

Wind energy is a typical foreseeable renewable source. This study constructs and optimizes variable cross-section cantilever-based piezoelectric harvester for low-speed wind harvesting. The Galerkin approach usually used to discretize the continuum model then get ordinary differential equations. However, this method more suitable calculating uniformity than cross-sectional beam model. To solve problem, we proposed an improved piecewise discretizing with cross section. By modifying boundary expressions modal functions between segments, it can improve both computation speed accuracy. COMSOL simulations demonstrate that natural frequencies calculated via are accurate those of traditional method. multiple scales applied determine output power critical velocity. A distinctive numerical presented shape optimization by combining analytical calculation particle swarm (PSO) technique Additionally, logic function chosen produce optimal shape’s fitting expression engineering applications. With all improvements, beam-based reaches as much 3.668 times uniform model, demonstrating importance structural type harvesters. Finally, experiments set up verify procedure. Actually, builds framework adaptive selection variable-section cantilever wind-induced vibration